Conflict Resolution and Tolerance in Islam’s Approach To Peace رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

The objective of this research is to identify how Islam sees peace and tolerance between Muslims and Non-Muslims, and what approach does Islam provides toward conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Through out this thesis, the researcher used a qualitative methodology, I collected primary data from main sources of Islam; the Holy Quran and Prophet Mohammad’s Hadeeth. I also collected data from available books , journals, websites and reports. What is unique about this methodology is the utilization of global theoretical paradigms in order to reflect on local case study. The results of this thesis show that Islam calls for peace among all humans; Muslims and non-Muslims. Wars in Islam is allowed under certain conditions and circumstances , still Islam forbids aggression and oppression. Islam orders Muslims to achieve internal and external peace and seeks harmony and tolerance among all humans, which leads to a well defined approach for peace and conflict resolution. By showing and understanding this, Islam has the potential to work with others emphasizing on values of sacredness of human life, freedom of religions , freedom of speech, equality and justice which can bridge the gap between Islam and other international beliefs and religions. Islam is capable of addressing political and social conflicts through showing needed teachings and beliefs that call for non-violence and peace, which gives Islam a valid approaches to conflict resolution and peacebuilding for all types and levels of conflicts. Islam is considered also a tolerant religion; attacking others in Islam is a sin, and the coercion of faith is prohibited. Islamic history showed tolerance toward other religious groups inhabitants in the Islamic lands, where values of equality, freedom, justice and satisfaction of basic human needs prevailed. Also throughout this thesis, the researcher found commonalities between Islam and international theories in the principles of peacebuilding and conflict transformation. Islam provides protection for the five necessities in human life ; life, wealth and property, religion , intellect and progeny. Values of equality, forgiveness, justice and social empowerments are core Islamic teachings that are necessary for an effective conflict transformation process.