The role of non-state actors in strengthening Palestinian diplomacy: Public diplomacy (1993-2022) رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the role of non-state actors in strengthening Palestinian diplomacy, focusing on the period from 1993 to 2022. Using a descriptive analytical approach, interviews, and content analysis, the study found that non-state actors, including popular committees, organizations, activists, and alternative media, became prominent in Palestine to address the lack of international media coverage. These actors effectively used social media and were significantly involved during key events like the 2021 Palestinian uprising. Despite their impact, they faced challenges due to weak political and economic programs, highlighting the need for a comprehensive political strategy. The influence of non-state actors on local and international policies depends on their adaptability to societal and political changes, independence, and structural diversity. These actors have been crucial in attracting international support and shaping awareness of the Palestinian issue, with movements like the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) playing a key role. The study emphasized the importance of Arab and Western support in bolstering these efforts. Recommendations included developing new strategies for public diplomacy, enhancing interaction with non-state actors, and establishing official platforms for continuous dialogue. It also stressed the need for civil society and NGOs' participation in public diplomacy and their representation in international forums.