Assessment of Vaccination Program in Reduction of Morbidity, Mortality in Palestine between 2010-2020رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

Vaccination is one of the most effective and safe ways of protecting from diseases on an individual level. The main goal of vaccination is to reduce and control the spread of diseases by achieving high immunity in the target groups during the vaccination period. Preventive diseases are the diseases that we can avoid and limit their spread through the vaccination program followed in that region (diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, hepatitis, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, Tuberculosis) in 1974 the WHO establish the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) with goal reach to high vaccination Coverage (VC) for children throughout the world to burden of preventable disease ;thePalestine has one of oldest VP in the world , vaccination program started in Palestine in 1969. Objectives Our study Assess the VP in the reduction of morbidity, mortality, in Palestine between (2010-2020), Investigate the percentages of vaccination coverage among the Palestinian population, Investigate the levels of failures in vaccination coverage among the Palestinian VIII population, Determine the reasons for failures in vaccination among the Palestinian population, through study data record in ministry of Health. Methods: A retrospective Data review of the cases registered in the Palestinian Ministry of Health preventable diseases and immunization monitoring system, The study utilized all data recorded by the Palestinian Ministry of Health/Preventive Medicine Department during the period 2010-2020 related to diseases that can be prevented with vaccinations and the unified national vaccination program in Palestine, The data was collected from the Central Preventive Medicine Department, which collects data associated with diseases and related vaccinations from all health service providers in Palestine, Telephone-based interview, A descriptive analysis approach was adopted to analyze the data based on age, gender, type of disease, and the incidence of disease according to geographical distribution, A percentage was used to calculate the prevalence\ incidence\ rate of disease. Ethical, approval from AAUP’s committee and the Ministry of Health was obtained to acquire the patients’ medical records Results: Our study view the result of the interviews that there is not a failure of vaccine efficacy, however a shortage of some vaccines occurred during the period of 2010-2020; Through the reports that were collected and analyzed by calculating the coverage rate for vaccines, it IX was found that the coverage rate exceeded 90% in most vaccines; through analyzed disease incidence, found No cases register in some disease (Polio, Diphtheria), some outbreak (Mumps, Measles). Conclusions: Vaccination is one of the most widely used means to reduce, eliminate, and eradicate vaccine-preventable diseases, and the greater the coverage of vaccination, the greater the chance of eradication; Despite the shortage of some vaccines within the routine immunization program, the coverage rate nationally did not drop below 80%; Polio and diphtheria were eradicated in Palestine by vaccination; Tetanus and pertussis have been eliminated in Palestine by vaccination; Hepatitis B cases have been reduced to the point of reasonable control in Palestine by vaccination; Measles, Mumps, Rubella are diseases that can be eliminated but are not quite to that point; In Palestine, rubella under control as was measles before 2017 and was even in an elimination stage, however after 3 outbreaks, despite high vaccination coverage, measles no longer in control in Palestine. Mumps also has a high level of recorded cases despite high vaccination coverage. Recommendation: Our study recommended to improve the population register, Separate the reporting of cases and carriers of hepatitis b in the Gaza Strip (GS), Ensure the availability of lab testing for X pertussis, mumps in the Gaza Strip, investigate all confirmed cases of mumps, Assess the efficacy of the Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)vaccine/vaccination process