The Reality of E-Learning Among the Basic Schools in Palestine From the Students', Teachers' and School Principals’ Point of View رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

The advent of COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, urged schools to implement e-learning approaches to continue the teaching process. In Palestine, the Ministry of Education imposed e-learning at private and public schools, a step that created a lot of challenges along the learning process. Within this context, the study aimed at revealing the reality of e-learning with regards to the respondents’ readiness, governmental legislations, school role, and the main effects of Covid-19 on the learning process among the basic schools in Palestine from the teachers', students' and school principals’ view. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive and analytical methodology was applied, where the researcher designed three questionnaires and distributed them among random samples that comprised 307 students, 74 teachers and 10 school principals at basic schools in Palestine. The questionnaires’ validity was achieved by presenting them to a jury. The reliability coefficients were 0.746, 0.760 and 0.863 respectively. The researcher also conducted interviews with 10 teachers and parents of students at basic schools in Palestine. The findings showed that: - Teachers were more ready than students and school principals for implementing e-learning in the basic schools in Palestine. - Teachers had a higher degree towards the governmental legislations and school role than students and school principals. - The reflections of Covid-19 on the learning process among basic schools in Palestine were high according to school principals', teachers', and students' perspectives. - There was a significant relationship related to the readiness of the students, teachers and school principals and the effects of Covid-19, in favor of students. VI - Both students and school principals believed that there was a significant relationship between their readiness and the governmental legislations and the school role more than teachers at the basic schools in Palestine. - Male students had a higher degree than female students towards the reality of e-learning regarding readiness, governmental legislations, school roles, and the impact of Covid-19 on the learning process. - Students of the public schools had a higher degree of the reality of e-learning than students at private schools in Palestine. - Students in the primary stage preferred to attend classes at home due to their readiness to experience e-learning method - Students who preferred attending classes at school or at home were more affected of Covid-19 than those who preferred to attend classes at home., While teachers who preferred attending classes at school were more affected than those who preferred attending classes at home. - Most of students had very good ability of using technological devices, while most of teachers had excellent ability, and school principals had very good ability. - Most of the students, teachers and school principals preferred to use Zoom application for e-learning process. According to these findings, the researcher recommended school principals to develop and improve school infrastructure and resources either by training teachers and the administrative staff, or by providing the proper tools, instruments and applications at their schools to implement e-learning since it's been found that it is going to be the future methodology worldwide due to ongoing spread of Covid-19 pandemic. The study also VII recommended teachers to train themselves very well to deal with various applications since each of them had different features to use in the learning process.