Outcomes of Surfactant Administration for Premature Infants(28-34weeks) At Al-Istishari Arab Hospital – West Bank رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

Introduction: Premature infants are babies who are born alive before the full 37 weeks of pregnancy; Premature births can occur due to spontaneous preterm labor or medical indications for an early cesarean delivery or labor induction. Aim of study: To assess the relationships between maternal, fetal factors and the outcomes of surfactant administration in premature infants born in Al-Istishari Arab Hospital. Method: the study employed a retrospective descriptive design involving 94 premature infants diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome who received surfactant treatment. It specifically examined premature infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Al-Istishari Arab Hospital during 2023. Data were gathered through a review of medical records, and analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS, utilizing descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Results: All 94 premature infants received surfactant therapy, administered exclusively via the endotracheal tube method. The average duration of mechanical ventilation prior to surfactant administration was 1.7 days, while the mean length of stay in the NICU was 58.3 days. Approximately 87% of the infants survived, while 13% did not. There was a significant association between the presence of sepsis and survival outcomes within the first 24 hours post-birth, as well as between clinical signs and symptoms and survival status in the same timeframe. However, no significant difference was observed in the length of stay before and after surfactant administration concerning premature outcomes. Conclusion: Surfactant therapy has significantly improved the treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome in newborns. The surfactant administration did not significantly change overall length of stay at NICU, it reduced length of stay on non invasive ventilation. Recommendation: The recommendation is to implement rigorous post-surfactant monitoring protocols, develop guidelines for early detection and treatment of sepsis and pulmonary hemorrhage, create personalized care plans, educate parents on complications, and conduct larger multi-center studies to confirm findings.