Genetic Association between Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and IL-6 Polymorphisms and Recurrent Abortion among Palestinian Women رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) has been defined as a complicated pregnancy disorder involving repeated failure or loss of pregnancy. About 3% of women experience RPL. The prevalence of RPL in Palestine is yet to be determined. This study investigates the association of CTLA-4 (rs231775) and IL-6 (rs1800796) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with RPL in Palestine. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze the indicated polymorphisms in a total of 172 subjects; 88 cases and 84 healthy controls. forty-four patients experienced RPL in the first trimester of pregnancy and forty-four experienced this condition in the second trimester. Genotypic and allelic analysis reveal no significant association between the CTLA-4 rs231775 SNP and RPL. On the other hand, IL-6 rs1800796 polymorphism showed a significant association with RPL. The data revealed the C allele of this variant to have a protective effect against RPL (p = 0.005). Trimester-specific analysis indicated the strongest association between the indicated IL-6 polymorphism and first-trimester RPL cases. Haplotype analysis further supported the protective role of the C allele. These findings aligned with those of previous studies regarding the emphasis on the role of IL-6 in immune regulation during pregnancy. However, further functional studies are required to confirm the effects of IL 6 (rs1800796) SNP during pregnancy as well as to understand the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the association. This study underscores the significance of genetic screening in identifying RPL susceptibility and exploring potential therapeutic strategies.