Risk Factors for Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia among Premature Infants Less than 32 Weeks at Palestinian Private Hospitals in the North-West Bank, A Retrospective Study رسالة ماجستير

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most prevalent lung condition among premature infants and poses major global healthcare challenges. This disorder, which is characterized by abnormal lung development, affects respiratory function, neurodevelopment, and general growth in the long run, in addition to causing acute respiratory problems. The main purpose of the current study is to identify the risk factors for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia among premature infants less than 32 weeks at Palestinian private hospitals in the North West Bank. A quantitative, retrospective design was conducted at tertiary care private hospitals in the North West Bank, which includes a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The population was all premature infants less than 32 weeks. The total population sample method was used to select the data. The sample size was 119. The data collection tool was self-developed, and the survey contains five sections. With a mean birth weight of 1257.45 grams, the majority (88.2%) were delivered between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation and were male (65.5%). Preeclampsia and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) were significantly correlated (p=0.045), and maternal variables such as preeclampsia (44.5%) and eclampsia (47.9%) were common. PDA (58.5%), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (31%), and sepsis (60.5%) were among the frequent problems in neonates. All infants got mechanical ventilation but none were given surfactant therapy. Furthermore, 75.6% of newborns needed to be intubated right away, demonstrating the seriousness of respiratory distress. To improve outcomes for preterm children, the data highlight the necessity of improved prenatal care, early neonatal therapies, and focused management techniques. This study identifies low birth weight, gestational age, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and oxygen exposure as major risk factors for BPD in preterm newborns. In addition to highlighting the significance of respiratory control, it names other factors such as sepsis and intrauterine growth restriction. Results back up preventative and early detection strategies in NICUs