Workplace Violence Against Healthcare Workers: A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Violence against healthcare workers in the workplace is a complex issue affecting various healthcare professionals. Workplace violence (WPV) poses significant occupational hazards to healthcare employees. Objectives: To identify the causes, types, and perpetrators of WPV and explore the effects of violence on healthcare workers’ well-being. Methods: This literature review analyzes 15 selected research papers published between 2015 and 2020, focusing on WPV against healthcare workers, and gathers insights from healthcare professionals with prior experience of WPV. Through an analysis of the selected research papers, this study provides a comprehensive overview with WPV in the healthcare setting. The respondents in the included studies were healthcare professionals who had encountered WPV in their work. Results: While nurses remain particularly vulnerable to violence due to their constant patient interaction, this study reveals that verbal violence is the most prevalent type, significantly impacting the well-being of healthcare workers as a whole. The identified causes of WPV include long waiting times, understaffing, miscommunication, inadequate security measures, high patient expectations, and overcrowding. Respondents emphasized the importance of education, security enhancements, and administrative support to address or prevent WPV. Conclusion: The findings strongly highlight the crucial role of administrative support in reducing the incidence of WPV. It is crucial to implement broader measures to ensure the safety and well-being of all healthcare workers.